Download forest rights act 2006 notes pdf for upsc 2020. The indian forest act, 1927, indias main forest law, had nothing to do with conservation. Across indias forest areas, people are fighting for democracy, livelihood and dignity. The context the issue of forest rights in india can be interpreted from diff erent perspectives depending on whether one is a forest dweller, forest offi cial, environmentalist, economist or social activist. The scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of forest rights act, 2006 is a result of the protracted struggle by the marginal and tribal communities of our country to assert their rights over the forestland over which they were traditionally dependent. Learn more about scheduled tribes and their issues related to land rights for indian polity syllabus for upsc. Popularly known as the forest rights act fra, the scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of forest rights act was passed in 2006. It admits the historical injustice done to indias tribal and other traditional forest dwelling communities due to their land and forest rights not being recognized during the consolidation of state forests. An act to recognise and vest the forest rights and occupation in forest land in forest dwelling. National forest policy 1952nfp 1952, national forest policy 1988nfp 1988, and recently the forest rights act 2006 bhullar 2008 have been implemented in tripura to check and reduce shifting. By recognizing the rights of communities over forests and natural resources, which they have. Neither this subchapter nor the act of december 29, 1916 39 stat. The schedule tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of forest rights act, 2006fra was enacted keeping in view the main objective that tribal.
The political economy of environmental questions shankar gopalakrishnan academia. An act to recognize and vest the forest rights and occupation in forest land in forest dwelling. The status of the forest rights act fra in protected areas of india. Title rights ownership to land that is being farmed by tribals or forest dwellers subject to a maximum of 4 hectares. It allows those who live in forested areas, and those who earn their livelihood from forested areas, to claim the legal rights to the forested land that they use. An act to provide for the establishment of an effective system for protection of plant varieties, the rights of farmers and plant breeders and to encourage the. The act grants legal recognition to the rights of traditional forest dwelling communities, partially correcting the injustice caused by the forest laws.
The scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of forest rights act, 2006 fra legally recognises the rights of communities like the dongria kondh to live in and from their forests and to protect and manage their lands. Recognition of community rights is a landmark step which is expected to empower communities. Recognition of forest rights act, 2006 hitherto referred as forest rights act fra, a unique emancipatory law with the potential to transform the lives and livelihoods of hundreds of millions of forestdependent people. The scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of rights act, 2006. Potential for recognition of community forest resource. The recognition and vesting of forest rights under this act to the forest dwelling scheduled tribes and to other traditional forest dwellers in relation to any state or union territory in respect of forest land and their habitat shall be subject to the condition that such scheduled tribes or tribal communities or other traditional forest dwellers had occupied forest land before the th day of. The members of the community of st who primarily reside in and who depend on forests or forest lands for bonafide livelihood. The law concerns the rights of forestdwelling communities to land and other resources, denied to them over. However, due to lack of political will and apathy of the bureaucracy, the implementation of the act is suffering.
Pacs has been supporting scheduled tribes sts and other forestdwelling groups to claim land title rights individual forest rights and common property rights community forest rights under the 2006 forest rights act fra. Pdf forest rights act in ensuring tribal development. The forest rights act represented a historic step forward for forest management in india, and it is often hailed as such. As per provision of the forest rights act, tribal welfare department is the nodal department for implementation of the various provisions of the forest rights act. It sought to override customary rights and forest management systems by declaring forests state property and exploiting their timber. Securing the forest rights of tribals the hindu businessline. The act was created to reverse the erosion of their traditional rights by forestry policies, encroachment on their lands by. It aims to recognise and protect the rights of forestdwelling scheduled tribes and other traditional. It has also been called the forest rights act, the tribal rights act, the tribal bill, and the tribal land act. Forest rights act, 2006 18 of 2003 40 of 1996 53 of 1972 forest rights of forest dwelling scheduled tribes and h habitat includes the area comprising the customary habitat and such other habitats in reserved forests and protected forests of primitive tribal groups and preagricultural communities and other forest dwelling scheduled tribes. How did the indian forest rights act, 2006, emerge. Forest rights 3, l for the purposes of this act, the following rights, which secure individual or community tenure or both, shall be the forest rights of forest dwelling scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers on all forest lands, namely.
Recognition of community rights under forest rights act in. Dwellers recognition of forest rights act, 2006 no. The scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers. However, it did not emerge from struggles for the control over forests alone, but was a product of an ongoing intersection. The act goes beyond recognising individual forest rights to forest land. An act to provide for the establishment of an effective system for protection of plant varieties, the rights of farmers and plant breeders and to encourage the development of new varieties of plants.
Forest rights provide food, livelihood and cultural security for these communities, as well as protecting them from eviction. Act, forest rights act or just fra hereafter, enacted by the indian parliament in 2006, did not emerge from unproblematic and consensual deliberations. Forest rights act political economy of community forest. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85. Forest rights act, 2006 directorate of tribal welfare. Forest rights act recognises and secures community rights or rights over community forest resources, in addition to the individual rights. The scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of forest rights act was enacted on december 29, 2006, and thereafter amended in 2012. This act is crucial to the rights of millions of tribals and.
The scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of forest rights act, 2006, is. A study on implementation status of forest right act, 2006 at the national and state levels and its recommendations keywords. Traditionally, people living in or near the forests were dependent on forests for their sustenance. The status of the forest rights act fra in protected. In addition to the recognition of individual householdbased rights, the fra also provides for community rights over forests. The scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of forest rights act, 2006, is a key piece of forest legislation passed in india on 18 december 2006. Ministry of environment, forest and climate change. Forest right act, land rights, scheduled tribe, scheduled areas, other traditional forest dwellers, customary and traditional forest rights abhijit mohanty implementation of the forest rights act, 2006 fra in india. Rights act, or the forest rights act fra was enacted in 2006, it was hailed by many as an emancipatory law which upheld the rights and entitlements of the marginalized communities. The forest rights act a weapon of democracy in the forests. It also intends to empower the community and grants the right to protect forests, wildlife and biodiversity. The newsletter provide some insight about the concept of habitat rights, its determination process and one case study with kutia kondha pvtg under forest rights act fra.
An act to consolidate the law relating to forests, the transit of forestproduce and the duty leviable on timber and other forestproduce. An act to recognise and vest the forest rights and occupation in forest land in forestdwing scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers who. Rights act, 2006, commonly referred to as the forest right act fra. Any fresh encroachment that comes to the notice of the state forest departments would be treated under the applicable provisions of. Pdf the scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of forest rights act, 2006, commonly known as the forest. Implementation of the forest rights act in india pubdocs. It was created to serve the british need for timber.
The scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of rights act more commonly referred to as the forest rights act or fra was enacted in 2006 and came into force in 2008. The forest rights act recognizes and vests forest rights in the scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers who have been residing in forests for. Read about the forest rights act of 2006 and how is it related to the civil service exam. The scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of rights act more commonly referred to as. Forest rights act 2006 implementation and challenges. The act through identifying ifr and cfr tries to provide inclusion to tribes. The objective of the recently enacted scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of forest rights act is to undo the. Wild life protection act, forest conservation act, forest. The act aims to provide a framework which recognizes and vests forest rights in forestdwelling. Interpretation clause chapter ii of reserved forests 3. Tribes and other traditional forest dwellers recognition of forest rights act, 2006. Adivasis and other forest dwellers rights over land. The basic objective in publishing the newsletter is to share.
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